1. the footnotes
2. the bibliography
In your paper, after quoting or paraphrasing someone else’s words or thoughts, etc., insert a superscript at the end of the sentence. For example,
As Doniger so eloquently wrote: “Blah, blah, blah.”[1]
(TIP: In Microsoft Word, go to the References tab. Click Insert Footnote. Word will add the number in superscript with a corresponding number at the bottom of the page.)
At the bottom of the page, provide the footnote for the quote (look at the bottom of this page as an example):
1Wendy Doniger, Splitting the Difference (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999), 65.
Your second quotation or paraphrase will be numbered 2, and so on. For example, if you write:
However, Cowlishaw and Dunbar responded: “You don’t say.”[2]
Your footnote should look like this:
2Guy Cowlishaw and Robin Dunbar, Primate Conservation Biology (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2000), 104–7.
If you go on to quote Cowlishaw and Dunbar again (a second time in a row), use Ibid. (means the same as previous), followed by the page on which the quote appears in the source. For example, if you write:
Cowlishaw and Dunbar went even further to state: “Well, I’ve got a footnote for you.”[3]
Your footnote would look like this:
3Ibid., 108.
If you use a source again but later in the paper, you can use an abbreviated form for the footnote. Like this:
Doniger was a little taken aback when she said: “Well, I never . . .”[4]
And your footnote would look like this:
4 Doniger, Splitting the Difference, 67.
2. the Bibliography
The second element in Chicago using Notes – Bibliography, is the bibliography (like a Works Cited page in MLA or a References page in APA).
Here you will list all of the sources you used or consulted in writing your paper. List them alphabetically. Do not number them.
The general format will look like this – notice the difference in indentation from the footnotes:
Salzman, Jack, David Lionel Smith, and Cornel West, eds. Encyclopedia of African-American
Culture and History. 5 volumes. New York: Macmillan Library Reference, 1996.
Vonnegut, Kurt. Slaughterhouse-Five: Or, the Children's Crusade: a Duty-Dance With Death.
New York: Dell, 1969.
Lord, Mary. "When Cheers Turn into Jeers (and Tears): Moms and Dads as Spoilsports and
Hoodlums." U.S. News & World Report, 15 May 2000, 52.
Iso-Ahola, Seppo E., and Ellen Weissinger. "Perceptions of Boredom in Leisure:
Conceptualization, Reliability and Validity of the Leisure Boredom Scale." Journal of
Leisure Research 22 (Winter 1990): 17-25.
Derr, Mark. "Grizzly Bears Poised to Make a Comeback: Opponents Fear Bear Attacks;
Advocates Fear for the Bears." New York Times, 30 May 2000, sec. F, p. 1, 4.
Henderson, John R. ICYouSee: T is for Thinking: A Guide to Critical Thinking About What You See
on the Web. Ithaca, NY: Ithaca College Library, 2002. Database on-line. Available from http://www.ithaca.edu/library/Training/hott.html. Accessed 1 May 2002.
From: http://www.ithaca.edu/library/course/turabian.html
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